Neonatal And Child Mortality In Hospital Enrique Aguilar Cerrato, A 9 Year Review

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal mortality and mortality in children under 5 years of age is part of the Sustainable Development Goals for the year 2030, being identified worldwide according to the estimates of the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2018 some 5.3 million died of children under five years of age. Between 1990 and 2018, the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) decreased worldwide. Objectives: Determine the Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and mortality rate in children under 5 years of age (U5MR) who died at the Enrique Aguilar Cerrato Hospital, between the period of January 1 2012 to December 31 2021, in addition to determining the registered causes of death and describing the type of congenital anomalies found and related to mortality during the study period. Methods: descriptive and retrospective study, convenience sampling, all deaths found during the period to be measured, registered in the Statistics Unit of the Hospital Information Management Branch, from 2012 to 2021, were taken in the ages 0-28 days, 1 month to 4 years 11 months and 29 days in the hospital of the mentioned period. Results: A NMR of 4.82 was obtained for every 1000 live births; IMR of 1.32 per 1,000 live births and a mortality rate in children under 5 years of age (U5MR) of 0.72 per 1,000 live births. We found the basic cause of died in newborn are Prematurity in 21.68% (62/286), Perinatal Asphyxia with 12.59% (36/286) and Neonatal Sepsis in 11.54% (33/286); in children under 5 years of age as the basic cause Pneumonia with 14.69% (42/286), it's important to mention by congenital anomalies died 6.99% (20/286) new born in this period. It was found that suspected congenital heart disease is the first cause to die in this period of time followed by neural tube malformations. Conclusion: It should be encouraged to carry out this type of research, because we need epidemiological data by departments and national reference. Suggest in that hospital implement neonatal screening for congenital heart disease.