Preliminary results of the effect of planting density on vertical production of black beans in a protected environment in Veracruz, Mexico

Authors

  • A. Capetillo-Burela Cotaxtla Experimental Field-Gulf Regional Research Center National Forestry, Agricultural, and Livestock Research Center-Institute. Km 34.5 Federal Highway Veracruz-Cordoba, Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7128-0439
  • M. A Reynolds-Chávez Cotaxtla Experimental Field-Gulf Regional Research Center National Forestry, Agricultural, and Livestock Research Center-Institute. Km 34.5 Federal Highway Veracruz-Cordoba, Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2035-567X
  • R. Zetina-Lezama Cotaxtla Experimental Field-Gulf Regional Research Center National Forestry, Agricultural, and Livestock Research Center-Institute. Km 34.5 Federal Highway Veracruz-Cordoba, Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3469-0068
  • C. J. López-Collado Postgraduate College, Veracruz Campus. Km. 88.5 Xalapa-Veracruz Highway, Tepetates Property, Manlio F. Altamirano Municipality, Veracruz, Veracruz, ZIP Code 91700, Mexico. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3182-6027
  • G. López-Romero Postgraduate College, Veracruz Campus. Km. 88.5 Xalapa-Veracruz Highway, Tepetates Property, Manlio F. Altamirano Municipality, Veracruz, Veracruz, ZIP Code 91700, Mexico. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1831-0368
  • D. J. Palma-Lopez Graduate School, Tabasco Campus. Carlos A. Molina Ring Road S/N, Km. 3, Carlos A. Molina Ring Road, SN, Río Seco y Montaña Ranch, 86500 Cárdenas, Tabasco, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9606-0379
  • E. Ortega-Jiménez Postgraduate College, Veracruz Campus. Km. 88.5 Xalapa-Veracruz Highway, Tepetates Property, Manlio F. Altamirano Municipality, Veracruz, Veracruz, ZIP Code 91700, Mexico
  • L. A. Osorio-Magdalena Cotaxtla Experimental Field-Gulf Regional Research Center National Forestry, Agricultural, and Livestock Research Center-Institute. Km 34.5 Federal Highway Veracruz-Cordoba, Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz, Mexico https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6080-8590

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5377/ribcc.v10i19.20794

Keywords:

biospace, drip irrigation, vertical planting, topological arrangements, yield

Abstract

Background: Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are an important legume in Mexico, rich in proteins, vitamins, and essential minerals. The objective of
this research was to evaluate the effect of six planting densities on vertical bean production in a protected environment in the coastal area of the port of Veracruz. Methodology: The research was carried out on the grounds of the Cotaxtla Experimental Field, belonging to the National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research (INIFAP), during the autumnwinter
2022 cycle, the experimental design was completely randomized with six treatments and three replications. For each treatment, a separation between plants was assigned, which corresponds to T1 = 20 cm, T2 = 30 cm, T3 = 40 cm, T4 = 50 cm, T5 = 60 cm and T6 = 70 cm, in addition to a distance between rows of 60 cm. The variables measured were: plant height, chlorophyll, number of pods per plant, grains per pod, yield and dry matter. The data were analyzed with the statistical package Info Stat 2020. Results: The results for the plant height variable did not register significant differences between treatments (CV = 8.63), as the distance between plants increased, so did the height. It was found that the best planting density in this production system was between 60 and 70 cm between plants and with which a yield of 108.41 and 96.6 grams per plant respectively was achieved. Conclusion: This suggests that using these distances favors both vertical growth and
productivity per plant.

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Author Biographies

A. Capetillo-Burela, Cotaxtla Experimental Field-Gulf Regional Research Center National Forestry, Agricultural, and Livestock Research Center-Institute. Km 34.5 Federal Highway Veracruz-Cordoba, Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz, Mexico

Researcher at the Cotaxtla Experimental Field-Gulf Regional Research Center
National Forestry, Agricultural, and Livestock Research Center-Institute. Km 34.5 Federal Highway Veracruz-Cordoba, Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz, Mexico

M. A Reynolds-Chávez, Cotaxtla Experimental Field-Gulf Regional Research Center National Forestry, Agricultural, and Livestock Research Center-Institute. Km 34.5 Federal Highway Veracruz-Cordoba, Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz, Mexico

INIFAP researcher with more than 25 years of service and specialist in agricultural machinery and mechanization

R. Zetina-Lezama, Cotaxtla Experimental Field-Gulf Regional Research Center National Forestry, Agricultural, and Livestock Research Center-Institute. Km 34.5 Federal Highway Veracruz-Cordoba, Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz, Mexico

Doctor of Science in Edaphology and researcher at INIFAP with more than 38 years of experience, he has worked with annual, perennial and industrial crops such as pineapple and Jatropha curcas.

C. J. López-Collado, Postgraduate College, Veracruz Campus. Km. 88.5 Xalapa-Veracruz Highway, Tepetates Property, Manlio F. Altamirano Municipality, Veracruz, Veracruz, ZIP Code 91700, Mexico.

Adjunct Research Professor at the Colegio de Postgraduados Campus, Veracruz with doctoral studies at the University of Texas. Specialist in soils and nutrition of annual and perennial crops with more than 30 years of experience.

G. López-Romero, Postgraduate College, Veracruz Campus. Km. 88.5 Xalapa-Veracruz Highway, Tepetates Property, Manlio F. Altamirano Municipality, Veracruz, Veracruz, ZIP Code 91700, Mexico.

Research professor at the Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Veracruz, specializing in the agronomic management of annual crops with an agroecological approach and technology transfer.

D. J. Palma-Lopez, Graduate School, Tabasco Campus. Carlos A. Molina Ring Road S/N, Km. 3, Carlos A. Molina Ring Road, SN, Río Seco y Montaña Ranch, 86500 Cárdenas, Tabasco, Mexico

Adjunct Research Professor at the Colegio de Postgraduados Campus, Tabasco with doctoral studies abroad. Specialist in soils and nutrition of annual and perennial crops with more than 30 years of experience and his approach is based mainly on organic agriculture.

E. Ortega-Jiménez, Postgraduate College, Veracruz Campus. Km. 88.5 Xalapa-Veracruz Highway, Tepetates Property, Manlio F. Altamirano Municipality, Veracruz, Veracruz, ZIP Code 91700, Mexico

Research Professor at the Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Veracruz, specializing in forage grasses and small ruminants, as well as crop nutrition. He has more than 30 years of experience and is currently the PhD Coordinator at COLPOS, Veracruz.

L. A. Osorio-Magdalena, Cotaxtla Experimental Field-Gulf Regional Research Center National Forestry, Agricultural, and Livestock Research Center-Institute. Km 34.5 Federal Highway Veracruz-Cordoba, Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz, Mexico

Agricultural engineer in agricultural innovation with experience in the management of annual crops with an organic approach and green fertilizers. He has experience in the management of soil laboratory equipment.

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Published

2025-08-11

How to Cite

Capetillo-Burela, A., Reynolds-Chávez, M. A., Zetina-Lezama, R., López-Collado, C. J., López-Romero, G., Palma-Lopez, D. J., … Osorio-Magdalena, L. A. (2025). Preliminary results of the effect of planting density on vertical production of black beans in a protected environment in Veracruz, Mexico. Rev. Iberoam. Bioecon. Cambio Clim., 10(19), 2375–2383. https://doi.org/10.5377/ribcc.v10i19.20794

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