Nitrogen fixation by indirect titration of ammonium ion of bacteria isolated from rhizosphere and caulosphere of maize plants (Zea mays L.)

Authors

  • L. A. Reyes-Nava University of Guadalajara, Southern University Center, AV. Enrique Arreola Silva No. 883, Colonia Centro. Guzman City, Jalisco. Mexico. Zip code 49000 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-7430
  • J. E. Pliego-Sandoval University of Guadalajara, Southern University Center, AV. Enrique Arreola Silva No. 883, Colonia Centro. Guzman City, Jalisco. Mexico. C.P. 49000 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-3641
  • R. Reyes-Bautista National Technological Institute of Mexico/ITS of Purísima del Rincón. Blvd. Del Valle, No. 2301. Guardarayas Neighborhood. C.P. 36425. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4196-3877
  • L. E. Iñiguez-Muñoz University of Guadalajara, Southern University Center, Enrique Arreola Silva Ave. No. 883, Centro Neighborhood. Mexico City. C.P. 49000. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-6863

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5377/ribcc.v10i19.19988

Keywords:

Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Azotobacter spp, ammonium, nitrogen

Abstract

Background: Mexico is one of the main producers, exporters and consumers of corn in the world. For maximum yield of the product, nitrogen fertilizers are supplied as the main source of nutrients. However, their excessive use is creating a contamination problem. Objective: The main objective was to isolate and select nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the rhizosphere and caulosphere of corn plants. Methodology: Corn plants were selected during three different periods: vegetative growth, flowering and fertilization, grain filling and maturity. Root and stem samples were obtained from each of the plants, they were superficially disinfected, serial dilutions were made and they were planted in nutrient agar medium for isolation. The nitrogen-fixing capacity was evaluated qualitatively on a nitrogen-free medium and quantitatively through the indirect ammonium ion titration method. Results: 70 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 14 presented positive nitrogen-fixing activity in vitro. Only isolates RB14, RC12, CB1 and CC3 presented quantifiable ammonium ion concentrations, with values ​​of 1.081 mg/L, 0.546 mg/L, 0.54 mg/L and 0.163 mg/L of released ammonium, respectively. According to the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics observed, the microorganisms that presented nitrogen fixing capacity showed a morphological similarity to the genera Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp and Azotobacter sp. Conclusions: These isolates can be used as an alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers since they showed a high nitrogen fixation potential in vitro.

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Author Biographies

L. A. Reyes-Nava , University of Guadalajara, Southern University Center, AV. Enrique Arreola Silva No. 883, Colonia Centro. Guzman City, Jalisco. Mexico. Zip code 49000

He holds a PhD in Biotechnology from the National School of Biological Sciences and a Master's degree in Bioprocess Science from the Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Biotechnology at the National Polytechnic Institute. He holds a degree in Biochemical Engineering from the Acapulco Institute of Technology. He is currently a full-time professor at the Southern University Center of the University of Guadalajara. He has taught in the Biological Systems Engineering and Agrobiotechnology programs.

 

J. E. Pliego-Sandoval , University of Guadalajara, Southern University Center, AV. Enrique Arreola Silva No. 883, Colonia Centro. Guzman City, Jalisco. Mexico. C.P. 49000

He holds a PhD in Biotechnology from the National School of Biological Sciences and a Master's degree in Bioprocess Science from the Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Biotechnology at the National Polytechnic Institute. He holds a degree in Biochemical Engineering from the Acapulco Institute of Technology. He is currently a full-time professor at the Southern University Center of the University of Guadalajara. He has taught in the Biological Systems Engineering and Agrobiotechnology programs.

R. Reyes-Bautista, National Technological Institute of Mexico/ITS of Purísima del Rincón. Blvd. Del Valle, No. 2301. Guardarayas Neighborhood. C.P. 36425.

A food engineer by profession, he holds a Master's and Doctorate in Biotechnology from the Autonomous Metropolitan University, Iztapalapa Unit, and was awarded two University Merit Medals for achieving the highest grade point average during his graduate studies. He is currently pursuing a specialty in Statistical Methods at the Center for Mathematics Research (CIMAT-Aguascalientes). He currently has active projects linked to the industrial sector to validate a collagen prototype based on the circular economy (funded 2023-2024) and projects involving the use of various protein extracts from beans and amaranth to help prevent chronic degenerative diseases.

L. E. Iñiguez-Muñoz , University of Guadalajara, Southern University Center, Enrique Arreola Silva Ave. No. 883, Centro Neighborhood. Mexico City. C.P. 49000.

Egresada del Doctorado Interinstitucional en Ciencia y
Tecnología en la opción terminal de Procesos Agroindustriales que se ofertó en
el Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ)
campus Zapopan. Es, además, Maestra en Ciencia y Tecnología en Biotecnología
Productiva por CIATEJ campus Guadalajara e Ing. Agroindustrial por la
Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG) sede CUAltos. Profesora Investigadora Titular
“A” adscrita al Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza del Centro
Universitario del Sur (CUSur) desde el 2019.

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Published

2025-08-09

How to Cite

Reyes-Nava , L. A., Pliego-Sandoval , J. E., Reyes-Bautista, R., & Iñiguez-Muñoz , L. E. (2025). Nitrogen fixation by indirect titration of ammonium ion of bacteria isolated from rhizosphere and caulosphere of maize plants (Zea mays L.). Rev. Iberoam. Bioecon. Cambio Clim., 10(19), 2367–2374. https://doi.org/10.5377/ribcc.v10i19.19988

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Vol. 10 No. 19 (2024)

Section

Biothecnology Aplication

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