Cobra Head Sign: in relation to Ureterocele and vesical calculus

Abstract

The ureterocele is a dilation of the distal end of the ureter, producing an image that looks like a cobra's head . About half of male children have a duplicated urinary tract. They can occur in cases of simple or duplicated ureters and there are two types: orthotopic and ectopic. In an orthotopic ureterocele, the orifice of the ureter and the ureterocele are intravesical. In the case of ectopic ureterocele, it lies in the submucosa of the bladder and part of it extends towards the neck of the bladder or the urethra. The most widespread etiology in the literature is incomplete rupture of the Chwalla membrane (or ureteral membrane) located at the junction of the Wolf's duct and the urogenital sinus or a failure in the development of the distal musculature of the ureter.