Learning guide: an alternative approach to teaching Simultaneity Relativity

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to validate a Learning Guide for teaching Simultaneity Relativity to fourth-year Physics-Mathematics students at UNAN-Managua/CUR-Estelí. To this end, a teaching tool was designed, applied, and evaluated that addresses the main difficulties identified in this subject: low theoretical understanding, mathematical complexity, demotivation, and cognitive blocks. Adopting a pragmatic paradigm and a mixed approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, it was possible to assess the students’ perception and the effectiveness of the proposal. The sampling process was adjusted to a finite population, with 22 participants (17 students and 5 teachers) finally being selected, and was applied in the second semester of 2024. The results obtained from Pearson’s coefficient (0.95) allowed us to reject the null hypothesis, showing that the designed Learning Guide contributes significantly to improving the understanding of relativistic concepts, even in highly complex content. These findings demonstrate that, through well-structured pedagogical resources, it is possible to promote lasting and motivating learning in the teaching of Relativity.