Caracterización clínico-epidemiológica del trauma ocular en un hospital de tercer nivel en Tegucigalpa, Honduras

Abstract

Introduction: Ocular trauma is a major cause of visual morbidity worldwide, with direct repercussions on quality of life. In
Honduras, epidemiological data on this condition are limited. Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological
characteristics of ocular trauma at the San Felipe General Hospital in Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Methods: A quantitative,
descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample consisted of 171 patients diagnosed with ocular trauma,
selected through simple random sampling. A structured questionnaire was used, and visual acuity was assessed using the
Snelen chart before and after treatment. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Results: The majority of patients
were male (63%) and from rural areas (59%). Open-globe trauma was the most frequent type (34%). Before treatment,
42.69% of patients could only count fingers or perceive light; after treatment, 26.90% achieved a visual acuity of
≥
0.6,
while 28.65% continued to have severe visual impairment. Conclusion: Ocular trauma is a significant public health issue in
the studied population, with substantial impact on visual function. The findings highlight the need to strengthen prevention
strategies, timely care, and visual health education.