Domestic market of Arctic Uluses of Sakha (Yakutia) in the Far Eastern Federal District macro area Mercado interno de Uluses Árticos de Sakha (Yakutia) en el Área Macro del Distrito Federal del Lejano Oriente

This study reviews and compares the market potential of two macro-areas in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the AZRF (Arctic zone of the Russian Federation) and the FEFD (Far Eastern Federal District. Moreover, this work shows that a significant part of supply and demand in municipalities' domestic markets is concentrated in the FEFD. Until recently, the AZRF and the FEFD were not considered by the State as a single government body. Transferred powers to the Ministry of the Russian Federation for the development of the Far East and the Arctic has allowed the territory of the Arctic uluses of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) to be included in the social and economic development of the FEFD.


RESUMEN
Este estudio revisa y compara el potencial de mercado de dos macro áreas en la República de Sakha (Yakutia) en la AZRF (zona ártica de la Federación de Rusia) y el FEFD (Distrito Federal del Lejano Oriente. Además, este trabajo muestra que una parte significativa de la oferta y la demanda en los mercados internos de los municipios se concentra en el FEFD. Hasta hace poco, el Estado no consideraba al AZRF y al FEFD como un solo organismo gubernamental. Se transfirieron competencias al Ministerio de la Federación de Rusia para el desarrollo de la El Lejano Oriente y el Ártico han permitido que el territorio de los uluses árticos de la República de Sakha (Yakutia) se incluya en el desarrollo social y económico del FEFD.

INTRODUCTION
This study examines the uniqueness of the Republic of Sakha's geography (Yakutia), which is situated in the AZRF and FEFD. The current research does not intend to solve the issues on zoning principles and the legal consolidation of the macro zones in the region. This is the subject of a separate extensive scientific study. However, determining effective public administration is crucial (Kudryashova et al., 2019;Lagutina, 2019).
The five uluses (districts) of Yakutia were previously included in the AZRF, namely, Allaikhovsky, Anabar (Dolgan-Evenki), Bulunsky, Nizhnekolymsky, and Ust-Yansky, according to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 296 'On land territories of the Russian Arctic' of May 2, 2014. On May 13, 2019, eight uluses were added, namely, Abyysky, Verkhnekolymsky, Verkhoyansky, Zhigansky, Momsky, Oleneksky, Srednekolymsky, and Eveno-Bytantaysky (Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 220 'On Amendments to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 296 "On land territories of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation" of May 2, 2014').

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In this study, we consider and compare the existing potential of two macro zones within the republic's territory. Firstly, we pay attention to the indicators and the population ratio (see Table 1 and Figure 1). A significant proportion of the macro zone gravitates towards the FEFD, as almost all the cities and most urban-type settlements of the republic are located in it. Eleven cities are included in the list: Yakutsk, Vilyuysk, Nyurba, Lensk, Olekminsk, Aldan, Neryungri, Mirny, Udachny, Pokrovsk and Tommot. Meanwhile, only two belong to the AZRF: Verkhoyansk and Srednekolymsk (Larionov & Rat, 2020   Next, we consider the structure of demand from the selected zones in the commodity markets (see Figures  5 and 6). The majority of the population in the uluses (regions) of the RS (Y) have more ties with the macro zone of the FEFD than that of the AZRF (see Table 1). This relationship is reflected in Figures 5 and 6, which demonstrate that a significant proportion in the structure of demand in the markets of the municipalities of the republic are more connected to the FEFD.

CONCLUSION
The development of both macro-regions (AZRF and FEFD) is assigned to the Presidential Administration. Then, the state machine tools for each subject diverge. When covering Russian state policies in the FEFD, the managerial role of the presidential plenipotentiary envoys to the district becomes noticeable. Meanwhile, the Security Council is responsible for Arctic strategies in the AZRF. On February 26, 2019, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree on transferring the functions of implementing state policies in the Arctic to the East's Ministry of Development. Moreover, the ministry was renamed the Ministry of the Russian Federation to develop the Far East and the Arctic (https://www.minvr.ru; Zaikov et al., 2020).
Until recently, only a single process was noticeable in these macro-regions: strengthening militarised capabilities in the coming years. For example, the Northern Clover military arctic complex on the territory of the RS (Y) was commissioned, and a military camp in the Chukotka Autonomous Region (Cape Schmidt and Wrangel Island) was constructed (https://ru.wikipedia.org). The transfer of powers to the Ministry of the Russian Federation for the Development of the Far East and the Arctic will legitimise the inclusion of the Arctic uluses of the RS (Y) in the unified socio-economic development of the Far East. As a result, these uluses will cease to be an economic 'white spot' in the FEFD.